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  <attribute name="title" value="Aerosol light scattering at Ispra" />
  <attribute name="summary" value="Aerosol light scattering at Ispra. These measurements are gathered as a part of the following projects ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA and they are stored in the EBAS database (http://ebas.nilu.no/). Parameters measured are: ['pressure in instrument', 'relative_humidity in instrument (relative_humidity)', 'temperature in instrument', 'aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient in pm10', 'aerosol_light_scattering_coefficient in pm10']" />
  <attribute name="keywords" value="Ispra IT0004R aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient aerosol_light_scattering_coefficient pm10 ACTRIS EMEP GAW-WDCA relative_humidity" />
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  <attribute name="project" value="ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA" />
  <attribute name="acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
  <attribute name="doi" value="https://doi.org/10.48597/ZCUW-XGSD" />
  <attribute name="license" value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" />
  <attribute name="citation" value="Putaud, J., Castano Va, F., Facheris, G., ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA, 2026, Aerosol light scattering at Ispra, data hosted by EBAS at NILU, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48597/ZCUW-XGSD" />
  <attribute name="source" value="surface observation" />
  <attribute name="institution" value="IT04L &quot;EC Joint Research Centre&quot; EC-JRC-IES &quot;Institute for Environment and Sustainability&quot; &quot;Via Enrico Fermi 2749&quot; 21027 Ispra Italy" />
  <attribute name="processing_level" value="processing_level_test" />
  <attribute name="date_created" value="2026-09-25T09:15:53.421268Z" />
  <attribute name="date_metadata_modified" value="2026-05-13T14:08:58Z" />
  <attribute name="creator_name" value="Jean-Philippe Putaud, Fernando Castano Va, Giacomo Facheris" />
  <attribute name="creator_type" value="person" />
  <attribute name="creator_email" value=", Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, Giacomo.FACHERIS@ec.europa.eu" />
  <attribute name="creator_institution" value="European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, &quot;EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC&quot;, &quot;EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC&quot;" />
  <attribute name="contributor_name" value="Jean-Philippe Putaud, Fernando Castano Va" />
  <attribute name="contributor_role" value="data submitter, data submitter" />
  <attribute name="publisher_type" value="institution" />
  <attribute name="publisher_name" value="NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, ATMOS, EBAS" />
  <attribute name="publisher_institution" value="NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, ATMOS, EBAS" />
  <attribute name="publisher_email" value="ebas@nilu.no" />
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  <attribute name="time_coverage_start" value="2025-04-29T10:00:00Z" />
  <attribute name="time_coverage_end" value="2026-01-01T00:00:00Z" />
  <attribute name="time_coverage_duration" value="P0000-08-02T14:00:00" />
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  <attribute name="timezone" value="UTC" />
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  <attribute name="ebas_data_license" value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" />
  <attribute name="ebas_citation" value="Putaud, J., Castano Va, F., Facheris, G., ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA, 2026, Aerosol light scattering at Ispra, data hosted by EBAS at NILU, DOI: https://doi.org/10.48597/ZCUW-XGSD" />
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  <attribute name="ebas_inlet_description" value="PM10 at ambient humidity inlet, Digitel, flow 220 l/min" />
  <attribute name="ebas_humidity_temperaure_control" value="Nafion dryer" />
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  <attribute name="ebas_organization" value="IT04L, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC-IES, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy" />
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  <attribute name="ebas_framework_name" value="&quot;European Research Infrastructure for the observation of Aerosol, Clouds, and Trace gases&quot;, European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, World Data Centre for Aerosols" />
  <attribute name="ebas_framework_description" value="&quot;ACTRIS is the European Research Infrastructure for the observation of Aerosol, Clouds, and Trace gases. ACTRIS is composed of observing stations, exploratory platforms, instruments calibration centres, and a data centre.&quot;, The European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) is a scientifically based and policy driven programme under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) for int'l co-operation to solve transboundary air pollution problems., &quot;The World Data Centre for Aerosols is the data repository and archive for microphysical, optical, and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosol of the World Meteorological Organisation's (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme.&quot;" />
  <attribute name="ebas_framework_contact_name" value="Cathrine Lund Myhre, Kjetil Tørseth, Markus Fiebig" />
  <attribute name="ebas_framework_contact_email" value="clm@nilu.no, kt@nilu.no, Markus.Fiebig@nilu.no" />
  <attribute name="ebas_originator" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Facheris, Giacomo, Giacomo.FACHERIS@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
  <attribute name="ebas_submitter" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
  <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
  <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
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  <attribute name="history" value="None" />
  <attribute name="creator_url" value="ebas.nilu.no" />
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  <dimension name="time" length="5918" />
  <dimension name="tbnds" length="2" />
  <dimension name="metadata_time" length="1" />
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  <dimension name="qc_pressure_flags" length="1" />
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  <dimension name="d_Location_d2" length="1" />
  <dimension name="qc_temperature_flags" length="1" />
  <dimension name="d_Wavelength" length="3" />
  <dimension name="qc_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_amean_flags" length="1" />
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    <attribute name="long_name" value="time bounds for measurement" />
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    <attribute name="long_name" value="time bounds for ebas metadata intervals" />
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    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="missing_value" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="units" value="hPa" />
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    <attribute name="cell_methods" value="time: mean" />
    <attribute name="ebas_data_license" value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_originator" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Facheris, Giacomo, Giacomo.FACHERIS@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
    <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
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    <attribute name="long_name" value="ebas metadata for different time intervals; json encoded" />
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  <variable name="v_temperature" shape="d_Location_d2 time" type="double">
    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="missing_value" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="units" value="K" />
    <attribute name="ancillary_variables" value="qc_temperature meta_temperature" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_data_license" value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_version_description" value="Generated with EBAS Data submission tool from Joint Research Centre - European Commission; manually inspected." />
    <attribute name="ebas_statistics" value="arithmetic mean" />
    <attribute name="ebas_data_level" value="2" />
    <attribute name="ebas_sample_duration" value="1h" />
    <attribute name="ebas_orig_time_res" value="10mn" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_code" value="IT0004R" />
    <attribute name="ebas_platform_code" value="IT0004S" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_name" value="Ispra" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_name" value="Ispra" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_land_use" value="Other" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_setting" value="Rural" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_type" value="R" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_wmo_region" type="long" value="6" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_latitude" type="double" value="45.814556" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_longitude" type="double" value="8.635722" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_altitude" value="209.0 m" />
    <attribute name="ebas_measurement_height" value="9.0 m" />
    <attribute name="ebas_regime" value="IMG" />
    <attribute name="ebas_component" value="temperature" />
    <attribute name="ebas_unit" value="K" />
    <attribute name="ebas_matrix" value="instrument" />
    <attribute name="ebas_laboratory_code" value="IT04L" />
    <attribute name="ebas_instrument_type" value="nephelometer" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_method_ref" value="IT04L_scat_coef" />
    <attribute name="ebas_standard_method" value="cal-gas=CO2+AIR_truncation-correction=Anderson1998" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_volume_std_pressure" value="instrument internal" />
    <attribute name="ebas_organization" value="IT04L, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC-IES, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_framework_description" value="&quot;ACTRIS is the European Research Infrastructure for the observation of Aerosol, Clouds, and Trace gases. ACTRIS is composed of observing stations, exploratory platforms, instruments calibration centres, and a data centre.&quot;, The European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) is a scientifically based and policy driven programme under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) for int'l co-operation to solve transboundary air pollution problems., &quot;The World Data Centre for Aerosols is the data repository and archive for microphysical, optical, and chemical properties of atmospheric aerosol of the World Meteorological Organisation's (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) programme.&quot;" />
    <attribute name="ebas_framework_contact_name" value="Cathrine Lund Myhre, Kjetil Tørseth, Markus Fiebig" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_originator" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Facheris, Giacomo, Giacomo.FACHERIS@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
    <attribute name="ebas_submitter" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
    <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
    <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
  </variable>
  <variable name="qc_temperature" shape="d_Location_d2 qc_temperature_flags time" type="int">
    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="int" value="0" />
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  <variable name="meta_temperature" shape="d_Location_d2 metadata_time" type="String">
    <attribute name="long_name" value="ebas metadata for different time intervals; json encoded" />
  </variable>
  <variable name="v_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_amean" shape="d_Wavelength time" type="double">
    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="missing_value" type="double" value="NaN" />
    <attribute name="units" value="1/Mm" />
    <attribute name="ancillary_variables" value="qc_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_amean meta_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_amean" />
    <attribute name="cell_methods" value="time: mean" />
    <attribute name="ebas_data_license" value="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_version_description" value="Generated with EBAS Data submission tool from Joint Research Centre - European Commission; manually inspected." />
    <attribute name="ebas_statistics" value="arithmetic mean" />
    <attribute name="ebas_data_level" value="2" />
    <attribute name="ebas_sample_duration" value="1h" />
    <attribute name="ebas_orig_time_res" value="10mn" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_code" value="IT0004R" />
    <attribute name="ebas_platform_code" value="IT0004S" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_name" value="Ispra" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_wdca_id" value="GAWAIT__IPR" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_id" value="IPR" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_name" value="Ispra" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_land_use" value="Other" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_setting" value="Rural" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_type" value="R" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_latitude" type="double" value="45.814556" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_altitude" value="209.0 m" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_regime" value="IMG" />
    <attribute name="ebas_component" value="aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_submitter" value="&quot;Putaud, Jean-Philippe, , European Commission  DG Joint Research Centre, , , , , , Ispra, Italy&quot;, &quot;Castano Va, Fernando, Fernando.CASTANO-VA@ec.europa.eu, EC Joint Research Centre, EC-JRC, , Via Enrico Fermi 2749, , 21027, Ispra, Italy&quot;" />
    <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
    <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
    <attribute name="actris_variable_uri" value="https://vocabulary.actris.nilu.no/actris_vocab/aerosolparticlelighthemisphericbackscattercoefficient" />
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  <variable name="meta_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_amean" shape="d_Wavelength metadata_time" type="String">
    <attribute name="long_name" value="ebas metadata for different time intervals; json encoded" />
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    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="double" value="NaN" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_sample_duration" value="1h" />
    <attribute name="ebas_orig_time_res" value="10mn" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_code" value="IT0004R" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_gaw_name" value="Ispra" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_altitude" value="209.0 m" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_component" value="aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
    <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
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  <variable name="qc_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_prec1587" shape="d_Wavelength qc_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_prec1587_flags time" type="int">
    <attribute name="_FillValue" type="int" value="0" />
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    <attribute name="units" value="1" />
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  <variable name="meta_aerosol_light_backscattering_coefficient_prec1587" shape="d_Wavelength metadata_time" type="String">
    <attribute name="long_name" value="ebas metadata for different time intervals; json encoded" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_sample_duration" value="1h" />
    <attribute name="ebas_orig_time_res" value="10mn" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_code" value="IT0004R" />
    <attribute name="ebas_platform_code" value="IT0004S" />
    <attribute name="ebas_station_name" value="Ispra" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_station_setting" value="Rural" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_detection_limit_expl" value="Determined as 3 * instrument noise, max value among wavelengths, detection limit flag 147 not applied" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_acknowledgement" value="Data used in this &lt;study/report/figure/etc.&gt; were accessed from EBAS (https://ebas.nilu.no) hosted by NILU. Specifically, the use included data affiliated with the frameworks: ACTRIS, EMEP, GAW-WDCA. Request acknowledgement details from data originator" />
    <attribute name="ebas_comment" value="Truncation correction performed since values are rarely very low" />
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    <attribute name="ebas_orig_time_res" value="10mn" />
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    <attribute name="long_name" value="ebas metadata for different time intervals; json encoded" />
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    <attribute name="units" value="days since 1900-01-01T00:00:00Z" />
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